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Johan August Hugo Gyldén was a Finland-Swedish astronomer primarily known for work in celestial mechanics.

Gyldén was the son of Nils Abraham Gyldén, Professor of Classical philology at the University of Helsinki and baroness Beata Sofia Wrede. He spent his student years at his father's university, graduating as a filosofie magister from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics in 1860. In 1871 he was called by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to be its astronomer and head of the Stockholm Observatory. From 1872 he was a member of the Academy. The crater Gyldén on the Moon is named after him, as well as asteroid 806 Gyldenia.

The Gyldén and the Stockholm Observatory's building can be found on a 31 mm diameter silver medal issued by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1939. On the reverse below the building the legend can be seen: "STELLÆ QUEMADMODUM · CERTA · LEGE ASTRICTÆ · VOLANTUR PERSPICAX · DESCRIPSIT". The meaning of the legend - "How he described the stars according to the act aiming completeness" - sure refers to Hugo Gyldén, whose half-right facing portrait is pictured on the obverse. The legend of the obverse "HUGO · GYLDÉN · ASTRONOMUS · REG · ACAD · SCIENT · SUEC ·" (Hugo Gyldén astronomer of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences), below: "NAT · MDCCCXXXXI OB · MDCCCXCVI" i. e. born in 1841, died in 1896.

Stockholm 1 reverseStockholm 1 obverse